The Formation of Limestone and Sandstone in Natural Stone and Their Selection in Decoration

Origin of Limestone and Sandstone

Formation of Limestone

Limestone originates from the seabed, formed from the accumulation of coral and shellfish debris, and was lifted to land by plate movements. The formation of limestone is closely related to the movement of the Eurasian Plate, mainly distributed in the Eurasian continent. Due to crustal movements, the original seabed world was uplifted, forming limestone.

• Formation Process: After the limestone layer is exposed to the earth's surface, it is eroded by water flow, dissolving some carbonates and forming a honeycomb structure. Iron ions in the rock are oxidized to red-brown, interweaving with the original white carbonate crystals to form beige limestone.

• Distribution: Limestone is mainly distributed in the Eurasian continent, such as France, Turkey, and Yunnan, Guizhou, and Guangxi in China. Some limestone with small pores and high density are classified as marble, such as Shahna and Baiyulan.

Formation of Sandstone

The formation of sandstone is related to the sedimentation of rivers. Sand beds and rainwater bring weathered granite sand particles into the river, which are deposited to form sandstone.

• Formation Process: Sand particles of the same density or size are deposited together. Fine sand particles are carried further away by water flow and are commonly found at river mouths. These sediments are consolidated over time to form sandstone deposits.

• Distribution: Sandstone deposits can be considered as the "sons" of granite, formed from the weathered particles of granite.

How to Choose in Decoration

Selection of Limestone

• Features: Limestone has a dense structure, fine texture, and diverse colors, with common beige shades.

• Applicable Scenarios: Due to its elegant texture, it is suitable for exterior walls, interior floors, and sculpture, etc.

Selection of Sandstone

• Features: Sandstone has a rough structure, many pores, strong water absorption, and warm colors.

• Applicable Scenarios: The natural texture of sandstone makes it suitable for wall decoration, garden landscapes, and floor paving, etc.

Summary

• Limestone: Formed from the accumulation and metamorphism of seabed organisms, contains fossils, with soft colors and fine texture.

• Sandstone: Formed from the sediment and metamorphism of river sand particles, with a rough structure and strong water absorption, natural color.

When selecting decorative stone, it should be determined according to design needs, usage environment, and expected effects whether to use limestone or sandstone. Both have their characteristics and are suitable for different decorative styles and functional requirements.